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Full Report (PDF 83 KB)
This project, developed for CCL by Athabasca University researchers, tested innovative approaches to English Second Language Learning (ESL) using mobile devices in a variety of learning contexts. The open access digital ESL content consisted of the basic grammatical tools of English in an interactive modular format, accessible on mobile and fixed computing devices. The content developed was rendered interoperable and available to learners using a wide range of static and mobile devices, including desktop PCs, laptops, PDAs, ipods, tablets and ultra computers, cell phones and devices designed for use by the disabled.
The original goal was to produce 40 ESL grammar units. Results achieved exceeded the original estimate as 86 units demonstrating the use of various techniques and applications were produced. Although the use of five question format types was considered, four were tested. Four different centres were invited to participate; however, one centre was unavailable to complete the study, so three centres participated.
This was an evidence-based research project involving a ‘before-after’ design following the achievements of target groups using pre- and post-tests as well as a retention test on three different subject groups (n=45) to evaluate the ESL level the students achieved through the use of the learning applications on mobile devices. Information was collected on the initial ESL level of the participants. Overall, most participants (87%) scored better after completing lessons on the mobile devices and the improved scores were retained after one week. An assessment of participants and their comfort level with the technology was conducted and measured quantitatively using a Likert scale. Descriptive responses indicated that the use of mobile technology for ESL would be a good supplementary medium for learning.
Participants believed that mobile devices could not substitute classrooms and more traditional ways of learning through interactions with other students and a teacher. However, the flexibility of “anytime availability” of the mobile ESL materials was certainly appreciated by the students. One major concern that was expressed over the use of cell phones to access the Internet and the lessons was the cost of Internet access. Currently the price of accessing online materials on the phone is relatively expensive, at least in Canada and the USA.
Computers are becoming an integral part of teaching languages. More and more people are using Internet-capable mobile devices such as cell phones and PDAs. Using these already widespread devices for teaching/learning activities can be an attractive option for busy people. They could employ their spare time on productive learning, as with these ESL grammar lessons, when they are away from school and home. Providing the opportunity for using mobile phones for learning in their private time allows their learning to be individualized to some degree.
This project increases our knowledge about creative and interactive uses of learning technologies through a flexible design, the piloting of the learning objects to learners at different locations, the evaluation of the learning objects by Athabasca University, and the dissemination of evaluation results distributed through Internet and traditional means. Findings have also been distributed to community groups. To view the ESL training website created for mobile phones by Athabasca University, go to: www.eslau.ca/
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